# Reflexion

> Reflexion is an agent technique in which, after a failed attempt, the model writes a verbal reflection on what went wrong and stores it in memory to guide its next attempt.

- Identifier: PTL-0048
- Category: Self-Critique & Verification
- Canonical URL: https://protologue.com/t/reflexion/
- Introduced: 2023

## Description

It is reinforcement through language rather than weight updates, and uses feedback signals such as unit-test results or environment rewards. Shinn et al. reported large gains on coding and sequential decision-making benchmarks.

## Related terms

- [Self-Refine](https://protologue.com/t/self-refine/)
- [ReAct](https://protologue.com/t/react/)
- [Agent Memory](https://protologue.com/t/agent-memory/)

## Sources

- Shinn et al. (2023). Reflexion: Language Agents with Verbal Reinforcement Learning. https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.11366

## Cite this entry

Protologue. (2026). Reflexion. In Protologue: A Taxonomy of Prompting and LLM Techniques (v1.0.0, PTL-0048). https://protologue.com/t/reflexion/

License: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)